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What are the differences between embryo vitrification and freezing?

By Silvia Azaña Gutiérrez B.Sc., M.Sc. (embryologist).
Last Update: 03/05/2026

The freezing technique was the available method for cryopreserving embryos prior to the emergence of vitrification. Survival rates were not good due to the formation of ice crystals.

Vitrification, on the other hand, involves the use of a high concentration of cryoprotectants and ultra-rapid cooling, which prevents the formation of these ice crystals.

You can find more information about slow freezing and vitrification in this article: Cryopreservation & Vitrification of Embryos, Sperm & Eggs.

 Silvia Azaña Gutiérrez
Silvia Azaña Gutiérrez
B.Sc., M.Sc.
Embryologist
Graduate in Health Biology from the University of Alcalá and specialized in Clinical Genetics from the same university. Master in Assisted Reproduction by the University of Valencia in collaboration with IVI clinics.
License: 3435-CV
Embryologist. Graduate in Health Biology from the University of Alcalá and specialized in Clinical Genetics from the same university. Master in Assisted Reproduction by the University of Valencia in collaboration with IVI clinics. License: 3435-CV.