Flow chart of the internal female reproductive organs

The fertility of a woman depends on the proper functioning of her reproductive and endocrine systems, the latter being the one that regulates everything. The most important sexual organs are the ones located within the abdomen: vagina, cervix, uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

In each menstrual cycle, the hormones released by the pituitary gland (LH and FSH) are responsible for stimulating the ovaries in order for them to start producing egg cells. If, after ovulation, an egg is fertilized by a sperm cell, the resulting embryo is likely to implant into the uterus, which would cause pregnancy in the woman.