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Sperm capacitation is a process that gives sperm the ability to fertilize the egg. Naturally, sperm capacitation takes place in the female reproductive tract.
In assisted reproduction treatments, however, it is necessary to perform sperm capacitation in the laboratory. There are two different methods for this.
On the one hand, sperm capacitation can be performed using density gradients. This method consists of placing two media of different densities in a test tube and the semen on top. In this way, the motile sperm will go to the bottom, while the seminal plasma will remain on the surface.
On the other hand, the sperm capacitation procedure can be done by Swim up. This is an older method and semen is placed in a test tube along with a medium. It is centrifuged and a specific culture medium is added. Those sperm that are motile and of good quality will be able to rise to the top of the tube.
