Among the indications for IVF-ICSI due to male factor are semen alterations. Specifically, when the male is diagnosed with oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, cryptozoospermia and azoospermia, ICSI is usually recommended directly. In addition, it can also occur that there is a combination of various disorders, as in oligoasthenozoospermia characterized by low sperm concentration and poor sperm motility.
Thanks to ICSI, the best sperm can be selected and introduced into the egg, without the need for the sperm to move. In addition, only as many sperm are required as eggs to be fertilized, which would be an advantage in the case of having a low sperm concentration in the ejaculate.
If the male is diagnosed with azoospermia, that is, absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, it will be necessary to evaluate whether it is an obstructive or secretory azoospermia. If the absence of sperm is due to an obstruction, it would be possible to perform a testicular biopsy to try to recover some spermatozoa and, subsequently, to perform an ICSI.
